<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<record type="herb" updated="2026-09-18T16:36:34.326213+00:00">
  <source>Bencao Index</source>
  <source-url>https://bencaoindex.com/</source-url>
  <canonical>https://bencaoindex.com/herbs/da-ku-liu-liu/</canonical>
  <licence>Free to use and republish with visible attribution and a link back to the source page. The catalogue is a reference work and is knowingly incomplete; nothing in it is medical advice.</licence>
  <attribution-html>&lt;a href=&quot;https://bencaoindex.com/herbs/da-ku-liu-liu/&quot;&gt;Bencao Index&lt;/a&gt;</attribution-html>
  <names>
    <name type="pinyin">da ku liu liu</name>
    <name type="chinese">大苦溜溜</name>
    <name type="latin">Herba Solani Spiralis</name>
    <name type="english">coiled flower nightshade</name>
  </names>
</record>
