Bencao Index https://bencaoindex.com/ https://bencaoindex.com/herbs/qian-niu-zi/ Free to use and republish with visible attribution and a link back to the source page. The catalogue is a reference work and is knowingly incomplete; nothing in it is medical advice. <a href="https://bencaoindex.com/herbs/qian-niu-zi/">Bencao Index</a> qian niu zi 牵牛子 Semen Pharbitidis Morning Glory Seeds kengoshi kyeonuja Harsh Expellants Lung Large Intestine Small Intestine Kidney Recorded toxic in this catalogue. Read the cautions on the record.

Drives out water through urination and bowel movement

Edema and ascites from accumulated pathogenic water or Damp, with constipation and scanty urine; a harsh expellant for severe Excess fluid build-up, which may be used alone Constipation from accumulated Heat in the Stomach and Intestines

Descends Lung Qi and expels Phlegm-fluids (Tan Yin)

Cough, wheezing and a full chest and abdomen when thin mucus obstructs the Lungs

Unblocks the bowels and drains Damp-Heat

Constipation from Damp-Heat or Food stagnation lodged in the Stomach and Intestines, using a smaller amount

Expels intestinal parasites and reduces stagnation

Tapeworm or roundworm, with abdominal pain Food or Qi stagnation with distension and constipation